Tunneling-machine.



INVENTOR.

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APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 15, 1906. BENWE) SEPT. 25.1907..

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,wrrN'EssEs No. 885,044. PATEN'TBD APP.. 21, 1908.

' W. J. HAMMOND, JB.

'].`Ul\T[\H-.`LI1\IG` MACHINE. APPL 10ATI0N FILED Nov.`15, 1908. BBNEWED SEPT. z5. 1907.

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. MoND, Jr., of Pittsburg, in the countyfof Al-4 U'NITED STATES 35E-ENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM J. HAMMOND, JR., OF PIT-TSBURGl PENNSYLVANIA.

TuNNELING-'MA CHINE.

,Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 21, 1908.l

Application filed. November 15, 1906, Serial No. 343,536. Renewed September 25, 1907; Serial-No. 394,580.

Tora-ZZ whom it l'mayconcern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM'J. HAM- legheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented-a new 'and useful Tunneling-Machine,

of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, .reference being had to the accompanying drawings, 'forming part of this specification, 1n which- Figure 1 is alongitudinal sectional view illustrating my invention, part being in elevation; Fig. 2 is a verticalsectional view on the line II-II of Fig. 1 Fig. .Sis a front elevation of the face ofthbf'rrevolving head carrying the pneumatic hammers, andFig. 4 is a similar view of the head carrying a series of pneumatic hammers graduated in width.

. Like symbols of reference parts wherever they occur. l

My invention relates to an improvement in apparatus for drivin 'tunnels and it consists indicate like 1n a revoluble head aving neumatichammers arranged thereon in ra ial lilies at such distancesfrom the center that their actionsl shall overlap on' each' side of thecenterto -break the rock in concentric overlap ing circles, and in devices-for `carryingan o erat-l ing the parts as is hereinafter more fu y set forth. Y l

I will now describe my invention so that others skilled inthe art to which it appertains may manufacture and use the same.

In the drawing 2represer'1ts the carryingtruck which may be of any suitable construction provided with wheels 3 adapted to run on the section of track 4, which may be about five feet in length. Centrally. mounted onthe truck 2'are the j ournalheads or boxes 5, anda pinion 5a the teeth of which are ada ted to engage with the rack 68L mounted on t e outer face of the hollow shaft 6, the purpose of which pinion and rack is to feed the shaft 6 forward. Journaled on the forward en d of the shaft 6 is the sleeve 7 which at'its rear end is rovided .with the gear- ,wheel 8 which mes ies withI the pinion 9 on the end of the ower shaft 10. Secured to the forward en ofthe sleeve 7 is the head A which maybe formed of one or more radial arms. 12 provided with suitable strengthening braces 11. The arm 12 should ber of a length substantially equal to the V1radius of the tunnel to be driven. Mounted onthe truck 2 is a screw-j ack 14 having a block 13 adapted to bear` against the top of the tunnel to hold the truck 2 stationary. Mounted on ,duits serve to convey steam, pneumatic, electric or other power to the hammers B.

The hammers B are provided with a series 'of teeth 17 secured in a head' 18 and arranged closely together, forming a rectangular hammer, the'g'reatest length of. which extends radially; and these hammers are so arran ed on the rotating head A that they shall dlsintegrate the rock in concentric overlapping circles; that is to say, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the vhammer at the bottom of the l.head A is arranged to'disintegrate the rock at the extreme lower'portion of the tunnel to be driven,

the. next hammer above the lowest hammerv is separated from the lowest hammer at a distance very slightly less than the length of the hammer, and' so on to the top hammer 'above the central shaft or sleeve 7. The ef- -fect of this is that as the hammersB are caused to reciprocate, and as the head A rotates, the rock will be disintegrated in concentric overlapping circles.l The hammers B are provided with driving mechanism, not shown in L the drawings, of such construction as to give l tothe hammers fromfour hundred to two thousand strokes per minute.

In Fig. 4- I have shown another form -of ammer head, each head from the center being Wider than the preceding hammer to compensatev for the greater distance it has to travel, each circle being greater than the preceding one. f

The head A should be arranged to rotate under the power of the power-shaft 10 at the rate of about one revolution per minute. On

ordinary rock the eii'ect of the blows ofthe hammer and the rotation of the head A will give a disintegration of the entire breast of the` tunnel to a depth of from one-ei hth of an inch to one-half of an inch, more or ess, at

.each revolution of the head A. Asy the rock is thus disintegrated the head A is Afed frlrward by the rotation of the nion 5a.

rackl 6a may extend on the s aft for any desired practical length. When the limit of the rack has been reached, the jack 14 is -loosened and the truck 2 and section of track 4 is moved forward, the head A 'at the same time being retracted on the truck 2. The lower or outer of the hammers B, at its outer end, is provided with a flaring tooth 20 which gives a disintegrating action beyond the end ofthe head Ato allow for the clearance ol the same. In order to successfully operate this Aiiparatus it is necessary that the hammers should be given rapid, short, successive strokes and that the head A be rotated at such speed that the disintegration of the roel; or earthy material may be coniplete.

I am avaretnat it is old to cut the breast of' tunnels in concentric circles and to break the intervening rock. I am also aware that the use of cutters and hammers on rotatory heads is not new, and I do not desire to claim. the same broadly.

Having thus described my invention, what I claimand desire to secure by Letters Pat ent is: L

1. In a tunneling machine, a rotatory head having a series of diametrieally arranged reciprocating hammers and separated Jfromv each other by distances slightly less than the length yof the hammers, whereby the entire breast ofthe tunnel may be disintegrated by the rotation ofthe head and the reci procation ofthe hammers.

2. In a tunneling machine, a rotatory head having a series ot diametrically arranged reciprocating hammers and separated, from each other by distances slightly less than the length of the hammers, these hammers having separable teeth arranged side by side to form a cutting surface greater in length. than Ain breadth, the greatery length extending radially on the rotatory head lwhereby the entire breast of the tunnel may be disintegrated by the rotation o'l the head and the reciprocation ol lhe'hamm'ers.

3. In a tunneling machine, a rotatory head having a series of diametrieally arranged reciprocating hammers and separated from each other by distances slightly less than the length ot the hammers,`the outer hannncrs being provided with a flaring tooth, whereby a disintegrating action beyond the end of the `head produced, to allow for the clearance of the same.

Ll. In tunneling machine, a rotatory head having a series of reciprocating hammers ar ranged in radial lines and separated from each other by distances slightly less than the length ot the hammers, these hammers having separable teeth arranged side by side to form a cutting surface greater in length than in' breadth, the greater length extending radially-on therotatory head, andthe width of the hammersy increasing successively with' the distance from the center of the head.

5. In a tunneling machine, a rotatory head having two or more radial arms, and having hammers thereon separated from each other by distances slightly le'ss than the length of the hammers.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand. -f

WILLIAM J. HAMMOND, JR. Witnesses:

JAMES K. BAKEWELL. C. E. Eeenas 

